Satellites: Luna

Native Species:
Human
Voth
Humpback whale
Dolphin

Location: Sol system/Alpha Quadrant

Affiliation:
United Earth
Coalition of Planets
United Federation of Planets

Earth (or Sol III) is the third planet of the Sol system. It is the primary planet of the United Earth government and one of the founding member states of the United Federation of Planets. Earth isthe capital planet of the Federation, serving as the seat of the Federation Council and of the office of the Federation President, and serving as the central headquarters for the Federation Starfleet.

Location:
Sol sector (Sector 001)
Sol system
Grid 325 (Borg spatial designation for the region of space containing Earth)

Names:
Sol III
Earth
Terra

Moon: Luna

Planetary bodies in the Sol system:
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto

History:
The first life was formed on Earth from a group of amino acids combined to form the first proteins approximately 3.5 billion years ago. From this start, at least three known sentient species evolved on Earth, Human, Voth, and Humpback whales. The first two species share the basic humanoid appearance, which may be the result of the genetic seeding that occurred long ago by the first sentient species to inhabit the galaxy. Tens of millions of years prior to the development of modern man, the Voth society abandoned the Earth, thrusting itself towards the stars, leaving no apparent trace on Earth of the civilization that existed.

Earth has been the birthplace of several major religions, such as Christianity and Judaism. Some of these religions, in one form or the other, have survived to the 23rd and 24th century. Galileo Galilei was an early scientist who told the people that the Earth moved around the sun. For these theories he was found guilty by an inquisition. Earth has also been visited, observed, and occasionally manipulated during its history, prior to official First Contact by the Vulcans. These include an ancient humanoid species, the Preservers, descendants of Humans abducted around 4000 BC, and Vulcans themselves, although there is still dispute about this as there is no proof or evidence offered by the Vulcan High Command. The Humpback whales were being observed by an unknown entity, who upon loss of contact with the species, sent a probe to investigate the absence of whale song. The visit by this probe almost resulted in the end of life on Earth, but this was avoided thanks to the heroic actions of then Admiral James T. Kirk and his crew in 2286. In the 19th century, a race called the Skagarans abducted several thousand Humans from the American west and then used them as slave labor. In the 1930s the Briori visited Earth and abducted several individuals including famous pilot Amelia Earhart.

It is also possible that the genetic similarities between Humans and Voth were a result of the DNA seeding performed by the ancient humanoid race from TNG: "The Chase".Additionally, the Star Trek: The Next Generation Technical Manual stipulates that at least two other species of marine mammals.

Attacks on Earth: During its long history, the existence of the planet has been threatened by both natural disasters and actions of alien intelligences.

In 2153, Earth was preemptively attacked by the Xindi, who were unwittingly helping a faction fighting the Temporal Cold War. Using a smaller, prototype version of the planned Xindi superweapon, the weapon destroyed a section of the planet stretching from Florida to Venezuela, killing seven million people.

In 2154, a working version of the Xindi superweapon was destroyed by Captain Jonathan Archer of the NX-class Enterprise before it entered Earth orbit.

In 2155, Terra Prime under the command of John Frederick Paxton used the verteron array on Mars to attack Starfleet Headquarters. Thanks to the efforts of Commander Tucker, the array fired harmlessly into the San Francisco Bay.

In 2272, a massive machine lifeform called V'Ger threatened to destroy all biological life on Earth if its demands were not met. The attack was narrowly averted by the USS Enterprise.

In 2286, an alien probe of unknown origin wreaked ecological havoc while trying to contact an extinct species of Humpback whale by transmitting massive amounts of energy into Earth's oceans. The threat was ended when the former crew of the USS Enterprise, having used a stolen Klingon Bird-of-Prey to travel back in time to before the species' extinction, returned to the present with two Humpbacks, and after the two whales gave a response to the probe, it departed the Solar System with little, if any, real harm done to the planet.

In 2367, a Borg cube entered Earth orbit but was stopped by the USS Enterprise-D, moments before it could attack the planet.

In 2373, a second Borg cube attacked Earth and was destroyed in orbit by a Starfleet armada. As the cube exploded, a Borg sphere escaped from within the craft and subsequently traveled into the past, where its complement of Borg drones attempted to prevent Humanity's First Contact with Vulcans in 2063.

In an alternate timeline, the Borg were successful at preventing First Contact and had no problem assimilating Earth. The Enterprise-E was the only ship to be aware of the original timeline, being protected by the temporal wake of the Borg sphere. Assimilated Earth had an atmosphere which contained high concentrations of methane, carbon monoxide and fluorine. It had a population of approximately nine billion drones.

In 2375, the Borg decided to create another strategy, since all direct assaults on Earth had failed thus far. They planned to detonate a biogenic charge in Earth's atmosphere, infecting all lifeforms with nanoprobe viruses, triggering a gradual assimilation. According to the Borg Queen, half the population would be drones before the effects were discovered.

Also in 2375, the Breen Confederacy attacked Earth in a surprise attack on Starfleet Headquarters in San Francisco during the Dominion War.

In 2379, the USS Enterprise-E prevented use of thalaron radiation emitted from a biogenic weapon wielded by Praetor Shinzon. Such a weapon could have destroyed all biological life on the planet.

Climate and geography:
From at least the dawn of Humans, Earth has been a Class M world by 23rd century planetary classification standards. Since that time, Earth has had several major landmasses and a wide variety of climatic and surface conditions, ranging from tundra to desert. By the 24th century, Humans had installed a weather modification network to alter the natural weather patterns of Earth, including dissipating destructive weather phenomena such as tornadoes.

Humanity:
Earth in the 24th century was a successful world whose peace was won at great cost. Unlike other races, humanity was split for much of its history into hundreds of religious, ethnic, cultural and national divisions. Early efforts to unite its peoples -- such as the League of Nations, the United Nations, and the New UN -- met with limited success. Terra endured a catastrophic war ending in a nuclear exchange in 2053; the horrors of its aftermath were leavened a decade later by 2063's first contact with Vulcan. A watershed in Terran history spurred by Cochrane's first warp flight, the contact eradicated poverty, war and disease within fifty years. A final war concluded-sixteen years after this-and even more reform progressed.

By early 22nd century, organizations such as the European Hegemony moved toward world government, and culminated in a United Earth that, by 2150, had absorbed a final nationstate.

In 2151, Starfleet launched its new warp-five NX class starships, whose flagship, Enterprise (NX-01), first made contact with many races including the Klingons, Andorians, and Tellarites. These established United Earth as an interstellar power, and paved the way for the founding of the Federation.

Geography:
Bodies of Water:
Pacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Indian Ocean
Arctic Ocean
Southern Ocean
Caribbean Sea
M:erranean Sea
Sea of Japan
Great Lakes
Oceanus
Victoria Falls
San Francisco Bay

Continents:
North America
Europe
Asia
Central America
South America
Africa
India
Australia
Antarctica

Geographic Features:
Rocky Mountains
Death Valley

Cities and Settlements:
Aberdeen
Amsterdam
Antwerp
Auckland
Babylon
Barcelona
Bath
Beijing
Berlin
Birmingham
Boston
Bremerhaven
Brisbane
Buenos Aires
Cairo
Cambridge
Canton
Cape Town
Chicago
Christchurch
Delhi
Detroit
Dresden
Dublin
Florence
Geneva
Guangzhou
Havana
Ho Chi Minh City
Hong Kong
Honolulu
Houston
Istanbul
Jerusalem
Kiev
Kyoto
Las Vegas
London
Londonderry
Los Angeles
Manhattan
Mecca
Mexico City
Montreal
Moscow
Mumbai
Nagano
Nairobi
New Delhi
New Orleans
New York City
Omaha
Panama City
Paris
Perth
Rio de Janeiro
Rome
Saint Petersburg
San Francisco
Singapore
Stockholm
Tel Aviv
Tokyo
Toronto
Vatican City
Venice
Versailles
Volgograd
Washington, DC

Land features, geographical markers, and formations:
Alps
Caspian Sea
El Capitan
International Date Line
Mount Cook
Mount Everest
Mount McKinley
North Pole
Pacific Ocean
Tibetan plateau
Tropic of Cancer
Ural Mountains
Yosemite National Park

Continents of Earth;
Africa
Asia
Antarctica
Australia
Europe
North America
South America

In Art:
Once Humans began leaving Earth in the 20th century, they photographed and drew pictures of the planet for various reasons. These pictures were then displayed in homes, offices, and recreation facilities. The earliest depictions of Earth were from the space agencies which sent Humans into space. These included official mission photos and insignias. Many of these images were preserved into the 22nd century and beyond.

Human-created points of interest:
Eiffel Tower
Golden Gate Bridge
Great Wall of China
Millennium Gate
Stonehenge

The Atlantis project, if completed, would probably also be considered a Human-created point of interest. There is no evidence it was successfully finished, however.