The current Starfleet uniform consists of a black tunic with quilted grey shoulders, and a 1cm wide branch colour stripe on the wrist. The tunic is worn with matching black trousers and black ankle-height boots. A high-collared branch colour pullover is worn under the tunic. Branch colours are red for Command, gold for Operations and blue for Sciences. All personnel within a department wear the branch colour of the parent branch.

Variants include a black and grey vest to be worn in place of the tunic, and a one-piece black jumpsuit with grey shoulders favoured by many female officers. Other specialised uniform items are available, including cold-weather, desert and athletic wear. Some of the uniform options and variants in current service are shown below. All uniforms are shown in Command branch colours unless otherwise specified.

Rank insignia is worn on the right collar of the pullover.

Officers wear a series of gold and gold-rimmed black pips. Fleet captains (captains who have been given command of a squadron, task force or administrative department with other captains subordinate to them) wear a gold bar beneath their pips. Flag ranks wear smaller gold pips surrounded by a gold rectangle.

Ratings wear an embroidered patch with a series of diagonal stripes. Petty officers wear an embroidered patch with a series of chevrons. Chief petty officers and above wear an embroidered patch with three chevrons and a series of pips in duty uniforms, and a single gold-rimmed black pip in dress uniforms.

Provisional rank insignia is worn by non-Starfleet personnel who have been been attached to a Starfleet unit in an officer capacity, and is worn with Starfleet uniforms. Members of other armed forces attached to Starfleet units usually wear their own rank insignia, and often wear their own service uniforms.

Cadets at Starfleet Academy wear a series of vertical silver bars denoting their academic year. Fourth year cadets serving on their cadet cruise are addressed as midshipmen.